| Parkin Jeffcock | |
|---|---|
An engraving from a news item at the time |
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| Born | 27 October 1829[1] Ecclesfield, Sheffield |
| Died | 13 December 1866 (aged 37)[1] Oaks Pit, near Barnsley |
| Education | College of Civil Engineers, Putney |
| Occupation | Mining Engineer |
| Parents | John and Catherine Jeffcock |
Parkin Jeffcock (27 October 1829 – 13 December 1866), was a mining engineer who died trying to effect the rescue of miners during the Oaks mining disaster which eventually took over 350 lives.
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Parkin was born at Cowley Manor in Ecclesfield, West Riding of Yorkshire, now a part of Sheffield on the 27 October 1829, the son of John Jeffcock and his wife Catherine (née Parkin). He had first intended to go to Oxford university and then join the church, but in 1850, after some training at the College of Civil Engineers, Putney, he was articled to George Hunter, a colliery viewer and engineer of Durham. He made rapid progress in his profession, and in 1857 he became a partner of J.T. Woodhouse, a mining engineer and agent based in Derby. He moved in 1860 to Duffield, a town just north of Derby.[1]
In 1861, his bravery was noted when he attempted to rescue the men and boys trapped in a coal-pit at Clay Cross during an inundation. In 1863, and again in 1864, he examined and reported on the Moselle coalfield, near Saarbriick. He wrote and delivered a paper on the local minefields to the Institute of Mechanical Engineers in Birmingham.[2] He became a keen member of his local church starting a horticultural society and becoming a church warden.[3]
On 12 December 1866, while at his house at Duffield, he learned that the Oaks Pit, near Barnsley, was on fire. Together with three others, including Mr Smith, an engineer and Mr D.Stewart, the steward of the colliery,[4] he descended to make a complete exploration of the mine. They were one of the last parties to enter the mine; previous volunteers had been lost or had abandoned their rescue attempts.[4] One of the party returned to the surface to send down volunteers, but Jeffcock remained below directing the attempted rescue.[1]
Before further help could arrive on the morning of the 13th, a second explosion killed Jeffcock and all but one of the 30 volunteers. The sole survivor was rescued on 14 December 1866 by Thomas William Embleton and John Edward Mannatt. In all 361 people were lost in the incident, including the 29 rescuers. The mine was sealed, and Jeffcock's body was not recovered until 5 October 1867, when it was buried in Ecclesfield churchyard.[5][6]
St. Saviour's church, built as a memorial of Jeffcock at Mortomley, near Sheffield, was completed in 1872,[1] and there is a sizeable (c. 4.5 m) memorial on the Doncaster Road in Barnsley, built in 1913, that commemorates the bravery and sacrifice of Jeffcock and the other rescuers.[6]
"On the coal and iron mining of South Yorkshire,", presented to the Institute of Mechanical Engineers. He noted that the mines employed large steam driven fans that have worked successfully for many years.